Water drilling is the process of creating a deep channel in the ground for the extraction of groundwater. Wells are used for water supply to private homes, businesses, agriculture, and industrial facilities.
What is water drilling for?- Autonomous water supply is the provision of clean water without dependence on centralized systems.
- High water quality – deep aquafers usually contain cleaner water than surface sources do.
- The economic benefit - reduction in cost of paying for plumbing services and improved access to water in remote areas.
- Ensuring uninterrupted water supply - especially important for regions with interruptions in centralized water supply.
- Use in agriculture – for irrigation of fields, water supply of animals and technical needs.
Main stages of water drilling:- Exploration and preparation – study of hydrogeological conditions, selection of a drilling site.
- Drilling - creation of a well using rotary, shock-rope or screw drilling.
- Installation of casing pipes - reinforcement of borehole walls with pipes to prevent soil shedding.
- Installation of the filter and water intake equipment – installation of pumps, filters, head walls.
- Flushing and testing – cleaning the well from contamination and checking the flow rate (the amount of water produced).
- Commissioning - connection of a water supply system to a house or enterprise.
Types of water wells:- Abyssinian well – a shallow well (down to 10-15 m), suitable for places with high groundwater levels.
- Sand well - is a well down to 30-50 m, extracts water from a sandy aquifer, and requires periodic cleaning.
- Artesian well - is deep well (from 50 to 200 m), provides a large volume of clean water, but requires a license.
Water drilling is a reliable way to provide oneself with clean water in any area, especially in areas with limited access to centralized water supply.